a circular chart that divide one hour of a radio station’s format into different timed program elements.
Dayparts
Parts of the broadcast day, catering to potential listeners, listening in and out of the home.
Drive Time is the most important day part
early weekday mornings and late afternoons—when people are driving to and from work—when radio stations expect to capture their largest audience.
AM Drive Time: 5–9 AM
Midday: 9–3 PM
PM Drive Time: 3–7 PM
Evening: 7–12 AM
Overnight: 12–5 AM
Radio Programming Sources
Local Origination: programming produced and aired by the individual station.
Network
Syndicator
Format networks
Advertising and Revenue
Spot advertising
Network Advertising
Local advertising
Digital Advertising
Off-air Revenue
Audience Measurements
The largest firm that conducts radio audience measurements is Nielsen, formerly Arbitron
Listener Diary
Portable People Meter
Rating point
Satellite radio
A technology through which a consumer can receive streaming channels of music and/or talk through a special receiver.
Transmission is from orbital space through a satellite.
Continental footprint
Digital signal—binary and compressed
Niche programming
Subscription programming: Sirius-XM monopoly
Not subject to FCC broadcast regulations
Online Radio
Audio streaming where the flow of music or other audio signal to a computer via packet switching technology of the Internet.
Streaming by Category or Interest
Streaming On-Demand
Podcasting
Talk radio on the Internet
Individuals subscribe to podcast channels
Download new episodes as they are released
Common to both models
Asynchronous
Freemium model of subscriptions
Hybrid Digital (HD) Radio
A system in which digital signals of AM and FM stations are sent along with the traditional analog sounds on the same frequencies allocated to the analog stations.
Owned by incumbent radio stations
Synchronous
Niche channels/subchannels
HD stations in FM are often duplication of AM signal but with higher-fidelity audio.