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1 |
Development of Print
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1.1 |
Paper
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1.2 |
Print
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Chinese printing press
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Korean movable type
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Gutenberg's mechanical movable type, c. 1455
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2 |
Books
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2.1 |
Access
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Handwritten and printed materials available only to well-educated elites
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Greece
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Egypt
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China
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Middle East
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Rome
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2.2 |
Early books
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Greek epics
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Medieval European literature
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Icelandic sagas
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Folk stories
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Fairy tales
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2.3 |
Bible
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2.4 |
Religious Books
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Prayer books
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Hymnals
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Bay Psalm Book (1640)
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2.5 |
Vernacular language
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Local languages
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Not just Latin, language of the Roman Catholic Church
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2.6 |
Almanacs
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Poor Richard's Almanac
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Old Farmer's Almanac
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3 |
Magazines
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3.1 |
European magazines
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storehouse of reprinted content from other sources
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Originated in Europe in 1700s
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Elegant and amusing writings
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Literature
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Politics
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Music
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Theater
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Personalities
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3.2 |
American magazines
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William Bradford's American Magazine
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Ben Franklin's General Magazine and Historical Chronicle
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Short-lived due to American Revolution
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Too few readers
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High costs of publishing
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Expensive distribution
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3.3 |
Partisan magazines
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Thomas Paine's Pennsylvania Magazine
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3.4 |
Miscellanies
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Variety of content
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Appeal to small, far-flung audiences
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3.5 |
Copyright
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Passed in 1790
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gave authors a copyright
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14 years
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Royalty fees
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Helped encourage new content
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4 |
Mass Market Stage
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4.1 |
Factors
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public education
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industrial economy
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urban middle class grew
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urban middle class grew
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economies of scale
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improved printing technology
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wood based paper
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linotype
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improved postal delivery
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faster transportation using rail
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Postal Act (1879) instituted bulk rate postage
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5 |
Popular 19th Century Books
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5.1 |
novels
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influential
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Last of the Mohicans
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Uncle Tom's Cabin
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5.2 |
dime novels
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appeared in the 1840s
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cheap literature
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cheap paper
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5.3 |
paperbacks
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Growth in years around World War II
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Inexpensive
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Pocket Books
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Bantam Books
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6 |
Popular 19th Century Magazines
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6.1 |
Enhanced Magazine Covers
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artistic drawings
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color images
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article teaser
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6.2 |
Advertising
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more revenue
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lower costs
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more pages
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6.3 |
Cost
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35 cents
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7 |
20th Century Magazines
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7.1 |
Muckraking
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Progressive Era
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Titles
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McClures
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Colliers
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Important Works
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Ida Tarbell
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Great American Fraud
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*Senators*
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Daughters of the Poor
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The Jungle
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Reforms
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Anti Trust against Standard Oil
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Pure Food and Drug Act
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Amendment requiring direct election of senators
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Mann Act against White Slavery
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Meat Inspection Act
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7.2 |
General Interest Magazines
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Saturday Evening Post
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Ladies Home Journal
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newsmagazines
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Time (1923)
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Life (1936)
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Reader's Digest (1922)
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7.3 |
Segmented Audiences
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Post World War II
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Growth of Titles
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250 (1950)
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20,000+ (today)
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Women's Magazines
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segmented futher
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Independent Production
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desktop publishing
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inexpensive photocopying
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web magazines
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8 |
Specialization of Magazines
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8.1 |
Consumer Magazines
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8.2 |
Membership Magazines
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8.3 |
Trade Magazines
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8.4 |
niche audiences
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9 |
Magazines Revenues
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9.1 |
advertising 60%
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9.2 |
subscriptions 28%
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9.3 |
single-copy sales 12%
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10 |
Conglomeration
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10.1 |
divisions across print media
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10.2 |
synergies
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11 |
Digital Magazines
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11.1 |
World Wide Web
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"shovelware"
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current articles
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archives
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special features
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multimedia
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11.2 |
Tablet Magazines
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Kindle, Nook, iPad
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David Carey discusses trying to create a new platform for magazines on tablet
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12 |
Student Curated Magazines
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13 |
Books
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13.1 |
Types of Books
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Trade
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Professional
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Textbooks
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Mass Market Paperbacks
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Religious
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Book Club Editions
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Mail-order
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Subscription Reference
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Audiovisual and Multimedia
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University-Scholarly Press
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14 |
Digital Books and Magazine
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14.1 |
Desktop Publishing
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computers
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WYSIWYG software
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laser printers
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14.2 |
E-Books
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As old as computers themselves
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Dedicated reader hardware made easier
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bold predictions: "ebooks maybe an added format not a substitute for printed books"
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